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Women Earn Less, Feel Fearful While Walking Alone

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Women make up 49.98% of Turkey’s population. According to TURKSTAT data, women earn less than men across all education levels. 36 out of 100 women expressed feeling uneasy while walking alone at night. The Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT) released the results of the “Women in Statistics 2024” study. As per the findings, women accounted for 49.98% of the country’s population, with men making up 50.02%. The female population in Turkey was 42,811,834 individuals, while the male population stood at 42,853,110. The balance between men and women, due to women living longer, shifted in favor of women from the age of 60 and onwards. The ratio of the female population was 52% in the 60-74 age group, and 69.1% in the 90 and above age group. The number of individuals aged 25 and above who completed at least one education level increased from 75.1% in 2008 to 92.2% in 2022. Analyzing the data by gender, women aged 25 and above who completed at least one education level were at 67.5% in 2008, compared to 82.8% in men, while in 2023, it was 87.8% for women and 96.8% for men. The gender pay gap remained in favor of men across all education levels. The difference in pay or earnings between genders is defined as the percentage of men’s pay or earnings concerning women’s. According to Income Structure Statistics, the highest gap calculated from the average annual gross wage occurred at 17.4% for university graduates, and the lowest at 13.2% for elementary school graduates. As for the indicator calculated from the average gross income, the highest gap was 20% for high school graduates, and the lowest at 14.9% for elementary school graduates. According to data from the Turkish Grand National Assembly, as of the end of 2024, there were 118 female members of parliament out of a total of 593, compared to 475 male members. The percentage of female MPs in parliament was 9.1% in 2007, rising to 19.9% in 2024. In Higher Education Statistics, the percentage of female professors among the total professors was 27.6% in the academic year 2010-2011, increasing to 34.6% by the academic year 2023-2024. While the percentage of female associate professors within the faculty in the academic year 2010-2011 was 32.2%, it rose to 42.1% in the academic year 2023-2024. According to the Life Satisfaction Survey results in 2024, 25.7% of individuals felt unsafe while walking alone at night in their area, with 35.9% women and 15.2% men expressing this fear. 47.8% of women and 69.7% of men felt safe walking alone at night. The percentage of respondents feeling unsafe when alone at home was 5.8% in 2024, with 8.4% women and 3.1% men feeling this way. 78.9% of women and 88.5% of men felt secure when alone at home. Examining the Poverty and Living Conditions Statistics based on age groups, 29.3% of the total population was at risk of poverty or social exclusion in 2024, with 31.5% for women and 27.1% for men. In the 18-64 age group, the percentage of women at risk of poverty or social exclusion was 29.5%, while for men, it was 23.1%.

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